Automatic printing language detection algorithm

ABSTRACT

A method for automatic language sensing includes receiving a data sample having one or more printing symbols corresponding to a syntax pattern specific for a particular printing language; iteratively identifying the printing symbols, detecting a correspondence between the printing symbols and a predetermined syntax pattern of one or more printing languages, and applying a decision function for each following iteration; and repeating the iterative identification until one or more printing languages are detected by matching the one or more printing symbols to the predetermined syntax pattern specific for the identified printing languages. The method can include searching for two or more symbols and/or combinations of symbols, each characteristic for a particular language, simultaneously.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to printing languages, and more particularly to automatic language detection.

BACKGROUND

Generally speaking, a large variety of printing languages is currently available on the market, and each of those languages has to be supported in a fast and convenient way. Moreover, more than one printing language may be used at the same time. To support different printing languages, which may have similar or different syntax patterns, an efficient language detection algorithm is needed.

Standard algorithms of language detection lack symbol recognition flexibility. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 8,218,187 by Ferlitsch discloses a method for automatic language switching for an imaging device, but does not, however, let the user configure the detection algorithm, e.g. by adjusting nodes of the decision tree. U.S. Pat. No. 5,293,466 by Bringmann discloses a printer capable of interpreting print jobs in different printing languages by using a tree of weighted pattern vectors. Although the reference discloses an option for the user to provide additional attributes to improve the accuracy of detection, it does not provide an option for configuring each node of the algorithm with different logics and checks. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,960,113 by Even et al., an automatic language recognition method is disclosed. The method searches for languages in a predetermined sequential order, and no decision tree algorithm with configurable nodes is involved. Additionally, although the reference offers restarting language recognition process based on detection of a syntax error, it does not offer restarting the process based on end of print job command. Japanese Pat. No. 08,331,306 by Toshihiro discloses a printer that receives commands from a host computer for selecting a printer language and analyzing the print data to form an image, but does not offer an option for restarting the print language detection program if the input data stream has not been detected for a predetermined time period. The Datamax E-Class Printers Operator's Manual discloses a method of autosensing with a predetermined timeout, but does not offer autosensing and language detection at the end of a current data stream. U.S. Pat. No. 5,555,435 by Campbell et al. discloses a method of identifying the end of job boundary and accordingly identifying the language of next printer language, starting with determining if each sample of input data has the same language as the current language.

Therefore, a need exists for a flexible automatic language detection algorithm, capable of supporting a variety of printing languages, by applying a decision function on each node of a decision tree.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, the present invention embraces automatic language detection, based on applying a decision tree algorithm.

In an exemplary embodiment, a method for printing language detection includes selecting a data stream, and searching for a first symbol and/or a combination of symbols characteristic for one or more printing languages; using the search results to determine instructions for a next step; repeating the operations for next symbols and/or combinations of symbols until a threshold amount of characteristic language features sufficient for detection of a printing language is reached; and using the detected characteristic features for identifying a printing language.

In another exemplary embodiment, a method for automatic language sensing includes receiving a data sample having one or more printing symbols corresponding to a syntax pattern specific for a particular printing language; iteratively identifying the printing symbols, detecting a correspondence between the printing symbols and a predetermined syntax pattern of printing languages, and applying a decision function for each following iteration; and repeating the iterative identification until one or more printing languages are detected by matching the printing symbols to the predetermined syntax pattern specific for the identified printing languages.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, a method for syntax pattern identification includes scanning a data sample to detect syntax patterns; comparing detected syntax patterns to a set of database language signatures, and selecting search parameters for a next step; repeating the scanning and comparing processes until the detected syntax patterns match database language signatures; and using the matched language signatures for identifying one or more printing languages.

The foregoing illustrative summary, as well as other exemplary objectives and/or advantages of the invention, and the manner in which the same are accomplished, are further explained within the following detailed description and its accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 schematically depicts a method for printing language detection, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 schematically depicts a method for automatic language sensing, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 3 schematically depicts a method for pattern identification, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 4A schematically depicts a decision tree algorithm, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 4B schematically depicts a language detection process using a decision tree algorithm, according to an embodiment.

FIGS. 5A-5F schematically depict implementation examples of an algorithm for language detection, according to embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention embraces methods for automatic language detection.

FIG. 1 shows a method for printing language detection, according to an embodiment. At 102, a data stream is selected. At 104, the data stream is searched for a first symbol and/or a combination of symbols characteristic for one or more printing languages. At 106, results of searching are used for the first symbol and/or a combination of symbols to determine instructions for a next step. At 108, 102-106 are repeated for next symbols and/or combinations of symbols until a threshold amount of characteristic language features sufficient for detection of a printing language is reached. And at 110, the detected characteristic features are used for identifying a printing language.

In an embodiment, searching the data stream, 108, can further include using one or more additional configurations input by an end-user and/or by a developer. The method 100 can further include searching for two or more symbols and/or combinations of symbols, each characteristic for a particular language, simultaneously. Searching for a combination of symbols can include searching for a printing command.

FIG. 2 shows a method 200 for automatic language sensing, according to an embodiment. At 202, a data sample having one or more printing symbols corresponding to a syntax pattern specific for a particular printing language is received. At 204, the printing symbols are iteratively identified, a correspondence between the printing symbols and a predetermined syntax pattern of one or more printing languages is detected, and a decision function is applied for each following iteration. And at 206, the iterative identification is repeated until one or more printing languages are detected by matching the one or more printing symbols to the predetermined syntax pattern specific for the identified printing languages.

In an embodiment, the method 200 can include detecting an end of the data sample. The method 200 can further include restarting the language sensing after the end of the data sample is reached. Additionally, the method 200 can include restarting the language sensing when a predetermined timeout threshold is reached, and/or when an error is detected. The method 200 can include storing a selection of the predetermined syntax patterns in an external database, and/or in a memory of a device configured for automatic language sensing.

The method 200 can include parsing the one or more detected printing languages. Additionally, the language sensing can be restarted after the parsing is finished. For example, the parsing can be finished after satisfying one or more language-specific conditions.

FIG. 3 shows a method 300 for pattern identification, according to an embodiment. At 302, a data sample is scanned to detect one or more syntax patterns. At 304, detected syntax patterns are compared to a set of database language signatures, and used for selecting one or more search parameters for a next step. At 306, the scanning and comparing processes are repeated until the one or more detected syntax patterns match one or more database language signatures. And at 308, the matched language signatures are used for identifying one or more printing languages.

In an embodiment, the method 300 can include decoding the detected syntax patterns, and/or searching for additional printing attributes. Scanning a data sample, 302, can be performed in a predetermined order, starting with uniquely identifiable and/or most likely to occur syntax patterns, and proceeding to less identifiable and/or less likely patterns. Additionally, scanning a data sample, 302, can include scanning a data sample for syntax patterns specific to EPL and/or ZPL first.

FIG. 4A shows a decision tree algorithm, according to an embodiment. A decision function can be applied on each node of the tree. FIG. 4B shows an example of applying a decision tree algorithm for language detection, according to an embodiment. The flow of the diagram is based on an exemplary assumption that EPL/ZPL languages can be used concurrently, and hence should be checked first. SOH (0×01) command can be present in both IPL and DSIM languages; differentiation between these languages can be made based on the fact that, unlike DSIM, IPL will start with <STX>preceding <SOH>. Additionally, ̂(caret) and % (percent) symbols will not function for DSIM if the printer input mode is set to “auto”. To detect ESIM, once can check the second and third characters simultaneously. Additionally, it is common for ESIM to start with FR″, FK″, and FS″ scripts, which can be also used for detecting ESIM. FP/DP language will have at least two alphabet symbols; consequently, if the second detected character is not an alphabet symbol, FP/DP language can be ruled out.

FIGS. 5A-5F show implementation examples of an algorithm for language detection, according to embodiments. The examples are provided in C programming language. FIG. 5A shows that each node can be defined as a function pointer, where F1, F1 false_F2, F1true_F2, etc. correspond to function names. FIG. 5B shows a table defining all the nodes. FIGS. 5C and 5E provide examples of a function of a node. FIG. 5E depicts an example of a main computation function, used as a generic decision making body. FIG. 5F shows how the decision tree can be configured when a user changes one or more printing language settings.

Device and method components are meant to show only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the present disclosure so as not to obscure the disclosure with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the description herein. In various embodiments, the sequence in which the elements of appear in exemplary embodiments disclosed herein may vary. Two or more method steps may be performed simultaneously or in a different order than the sequence in which the elements appear in the exemplary embodiments.

To supplement the present disclosure, this application incorporates entirely by reference the following commonly assigned patents, patent application publications, and patent applications:

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In the specification and/or figures, typical embodiments of the invention have been disclosed. The present invention is not limited to such exemplary embodiments. The use of the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The figures are schematic representations and so are not necessarily drawn to scale. Unless otherwise noted, specific terms have been used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation. 

1. A method for printing language detection, comprising: (a) selecting a data stream; (b) searching the data stream for a first symbol and/or a combination of symbols characteristic for one or more printing languages; (c) using results of searching for the first symbol and/or a combination of symbols to determine instructions for a next step; (d) repeating (b)-(c) for next symbols and/or combinations of symbols until a threshold amount of characteristic language features sufficient for detection of a printing language is reached; and (e) using the detected characteristic features for identifying a printing language.
 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the searching the data stream further includes using one or more additional configurations input by an end-user.
 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the searching the data stream further includes using one or more additional configurations input by a developer.
 4. The method according to claim 1, further including searching for two or more symbols and/or combinations of symbols, each characteristic for a particular language, simultaneously.
 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein searching for a combination of symbols includes searching for a printing command.
 6. A method for automatic language sensing, comprising: receiving a data sample having one or more printing symbols corresponding to a syntax pattern specific for a particular printing language; iteratively identifying the printing symbols, detecting a correspondence between the printing symbols and a predetermined syntax pattern of one or more printing languages, and applying a decision function for each following iteration; and repeating the iterative identification until one or more printing languages are detected by matching the one or more printing symbols to the predetermined syntax pattern specific for the identified printing languages.
 7. The method according to claim 6, further including detecting an end of the data sample.
 8. The method according to claim 7, further including restarting the language sensing after the end of the data sample is reached.
 9. The method according to claim 6, further including restarting the language sensing when a predetermined timeout threshold is reached.
 10. The method according to claim 6, further including restarting the language sensing when an error is detected.
 11. The method according to claim 6, further including storing a selection of the predetermined syntax patterns in an external database.
 12. The method according to claim 6, further including storing a selection of the predetermined syntax patterns in a memory of a device configured for automatic language sensing.
 13. The method according to claim 6, further including parsing the one or more detected printing languages.
 14. The method according to claim 13, further including restarting the language sensing after the parsing is finished.
 15. The method according to claim 14, further including finishing the parsing after satisfying one or more language-specific conditions.
 16. A method for syntax pattern identification, comprising: scanning a data sample to detect one or more syntax patterns; comparing detected syntax patterns to a set of database language signatures, and using the detected syntax patterns for selecting one or more search parameters for a next step; repeating the scanning and comparing processes until the one or more detected syntax patterns match one or more database language signatures; and using the matched language signatures for identifying one or more printing languages.
 17. The method according to claim 16, further including decoding the detected syntax patterns.
 18. The method according to claim 16, further including searching for additional printing attributes.
 19. The method according to claim 16, wherein the scanning a data sample is performed in a predetermined order, starting with uniquely identifiable and/or most likely to occur syntax patterns, and proceeding to less identifiable and/or less likely patterns.
 20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the scanning a data sample includes scanning a data sample for syntax patterns specific to EPL and/or ZPL first. 